In 2000, the American College of Radiology (ACR) developed Peer Review in response to the Institute of Medicine's (IOM) landmark report, To Err is Human. This report documented the impact of medical errors, accounting for 10% of patient deaths and 6-17% of adverse events. IOM recommended building a system that facilitated effective teamwork and focused on collaboration while identifying, learning from, and reducing diagnostic errors and near misses in clinical practice. However, the Peer Review system had many limitations, including lack of blinding, hindsight bias, tendency to score cases without errors or misses, and having a negative impact on morale. 

The Peer Learning system has been developed to meet the spirit of IOM recommendations, increasing learning opportunities, quality improvement activities, and celebrating successes. Faculty members contribute cases for possible inclusion in peer learning conferences throughout the quarter and the conference leader brings a selection of these cases to the conference for learning, discussion, and possible workflow or process change. 

Key words: quality improvement, peer learning, imaging