The Center for Bioethics and Medical Humanities at the Medical College of Wisconsin is sponsoring a day-long conference exploring the link between neuroscience and early childhood deprivation, and the associated ethical issues. Poverty is one of the major factors contributing to disparities in early child development, and in the US, poverty affects one in five children. This conference is intended to facilitate a dialogue on the issue of neuroscience of poverty and explore the clinical, ethical, social, and policy implications related to the effects of adversity on the brains of children. The conference features keynote presentations by Martha Farah, PhD, Director of the Center for Neurosciences and Society at the University of Pennsylvania, and Fatimah Loren Muhammad, Executive Director of the National Network of Hospital Based Violence Intervention Programs. Speakers from the Medical College of Wisconsin include Fabrice Jotterand, PhD, MA (Center for Bioethics and Medical Humanities); David Nelson, PhD, MS (Family Medicine); and, Jennifer Koop, PhD, ABPP (Neurology and Neurosurgery). Additional support for this conference comes from the Institute for Health & Equity and the Clinical & Translational Science Institute at the Medical College of Wisconsin.